what percentage of the population fills the anatomical dead space

In his treatise, he summarized the respiratory and cardiovascular traits required by marine mammals to manage life in an extreme environment and cope daily with challenges such as alveolar collapse (atelectasis see Glossary), alveolar recruitment (see Glossary), transient hyperoxia, extreme hypoxia and decompression sickness (DCS see Glossary). In 1940, Per Scholander published his 131-page-long monograph on cardiorespiratory function in marine mammals and birds. Many of the respiratory traits to survive exposure to an extreme environment may inspire novel treatments for a variety of respiratory problems in humans. By improving our understanding of respiratory physiology under these conditions, we will be better able to define the physiological constraints imposed on these animals, and how these limitations may affect the survival of marine mammals in a changing environment. These animals cope daily with lung compression, alveolar collapse, transient hyperoxia and extreme hypoxia. While exposure to high pressure is a common challenge among breath-hold divers, there is a large variation in respiratory anatomy, function and capacity between species – how are these traits adapted to allow the animals to withstand the physiological challenges faced during dives? The ultra-deep diving feats of some marine mammals defy our current understanding of respiratory physiology and lung mechanics. In this Review, we focus on the functional properties of the respiratory system of pinnipeds and cetaceans, and briefly summarize the underlying anatomy in doing so, we provide an overview of what is currently known about their respiratory physiology and mechanics.

What percentage of the population fills the anatomical dead space